Crypto accounting
The hub for CFOs, tax managers, financial controllers, and accountants to learn basic to advanced crypto accounting.
What is cryptocurrency accounting?
Accounting for cryptocurrency, web3 accounting or crypto bookkeeping is the process of recording all crypto transactions into organized accounts on a regular basis. It ensures that records of any blockchain activity are accurate, up-to-date and comprehensive. Each type of crypto transaction, whether related to trading, staking or providing liquidity must be properly recorded.
The world of finance has been revolutionized by the advent of cryptocurrencies. As a result, traditional accounting standards such as GAAP and IFRS are being re-examined and applied in novel ways. For companies in this space, understanding the accounting principles for cryptocurrencies isn’t just a matter of compliance — it’s an opportunity to gain a competitive edge. Thus, businesses are forced to approach crypto bookkeeping on a case-by-case basis.
What challenges do businesses face with crypto accounting?
Most Web3 companies currently use manual methods to monitor transactions, wallet balances, and other on-chain activities because cryptocurrencies lack a centralized system to manage funds. These companies, including exchanges, funds, blockchain businesses, and brokers, often use multiple wallets or exchange accounts, each providing transaction histories in various formats. This diversity complicates tax reporting, as businesses must gather accounting data from numerous sources in different formats, making the process inefficient and time-consuming.
Common issues in crypto bookkeeping include challenges such as incorrect cost-basis calculations for transactions, leading to inaccurate profit or loss assessments critical for tax purposes. Other frequent problems are errors from manual entry in spreadsheets, mismatched transaction prices due to variable data sources, missed transactions from unreliable data fetching, and incorrect account and transaction labeling, all of which compound to significantly impact financial reporting and tax compliance.
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Common issues with crypto bookkeeping
Incorrect Cost-Basis Calculations
Cost basis is the price of the underlying asset when a transaction is performed. If a trader purchases a cryptocurrency at a particular price but sells it in parts, at multiple different prices, then the profit or loss on each transaction should be traced and compared with the original investment cost, on a pro-rata basis. Matching cost-basis retrospectively to transactions is a time-consuming and highly risky process. Subsequent calculations such as realized gains or losses always depend on accurate cost-basis data. Many jurisdictions count each crypto transaction as a taxable event, therefore maintaining an accurate cost-basis becomes of utmost importance for maintaining correct records.
Incorrect Spreadsheet Formula
Spreadsheet software provide an easy-to-use data entry platform for manual processes. These manual processes always run the risk that calculations are susceptible to human error, such as keying in the wrong cells or copying over the wrong number from sources like Etherscan. There are equal opportunities to overtype incorrect numbers or formulas, or incorrectly factor in numbers.
Inaccurate prices matched to transactions
Blockchain transactions usually do not have the price of the relevant token price at the point in time when the transaction happened attached. The price points are relevant to conduct analysis, generate reports and therefore leads to the necessity to manually match the corresponding prices to transactions. Complexity is further increased due to the fact that there is no universal price source. Inaccurate decisions on this front lead to a chain of bookkeeping errors, leading to significant problems in tax reporting, etc.
Missing transactions/data due to importing issues
Currently new blockchains, assets, protocols and other on-chain applications lead to complex data structures. When companies rely only on one source for fetching blockchain data, they face the risk of importing issues with specific transactions on other data points. For example, if a staking protocol is not supported by a block explorer that is used for data fetching, this data might not be imported and be fully missing the consolidated reports. Therefore, it becomes important to only trust reliable software solutions that fetch and consolidate on-chain data.
Incorrect account & transaction labelling
Blockchains provide different sorts of hash and encryption information, but transactions are generally not legible since no qualitative data to understand the purpose of the transaction is stored. If the purpose of a transaction is not noted down at the same time when the transaction is happening, retrospective categorizing becomes a very hectic task. Very often web3 firms are not able to reproduce the purpose of historic transactions and are therefore exposed to the risk of mislabeling on-chain activity.
Benefits of automated crypto bookkeeping
Accounting automation in trad-fi has provided businesses with countless benefits over the years, such as easier extraction of data, faster & more secure data transfer, cloud storage solutions, user-friendly dashboards, quicker data retrieval, automated tax records, cash flow tracking, accurate revenue recognition and so much more.
Naturally, automated crypto bookkeeping also offer users various benefits as well. By automating the capture and classification of crypto transactions from crypto exchanges, wallets, custodial services and decentralized financial blockchains, crypto accounting software reduce the complexity of crypto financial accounting.
In-built features for tax collection and portfolio analytics lessen tax obligations and enhance portfolio performance. Automated software consolidate transaction data across multiple wallets owned by users, allowing them to visually track their inflows, outflows & transaction fees in real-time. Consolidated Profit & Loss statements, instantaneous transaction labeling and real-time reporting of liquidity positions help web3 companies streamline the complicated process of bookkeeping and make it cost-efficient, user-friendly & time-saving.
The need for crypto bookkeeping and accounting software is clear
With the evolution and growth of the cryptocurrency industry, we have seen web3 companies starting to operate under more and more complicated business models, which have made their bookkeeping procedures more complex than ever before. The reliance on crypto accounting software by crypto enterprises, accounting firms, traders, investors, miners and portfolio managers, in order to handle financial bookkeeping will only increase as the overall crypto market keeps evolving.
As crypto becomes more mainstream, countries across the globe will try to tighten regulations around blockchain, which will only boost the need for automated bookkeeping. Such solutions will also provide traditional businesses with the required confidence to jump into the web3 boat, without fearing accounting complexities & the regulations associated with it. A company’s success is driven by accurate bookkeeping. It is a foundational accounting process, and developing strategies to improve core areas of your business are nearly impossible without it.
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